anderson



Nov. 29, 1927.

A. G. ANDERSON FASTENER Filed July 19, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1}], 13871 30 flndrew @oiwderson Patented Nov. 29, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW G. ANDERSON, F \VOLLASTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CARR FAS- TENER COMPANY, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, .A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

FASTENER.

Application filed July 19,

This invention pertains to improvements in snap fasteners. It is among the objects of the invention to provide a. fastener which may be metallically secured to its flexible carrying medium (cloth, leather etc.) as distinguished from being sewn thereto, and which at the same time presents the resiliency of a spring presenting return bends, and a one piece spring containing casing.

In the drawings, which show four preferred embodiments of my invention Figure 1 is a front elevation of a fastener secured to its flexible carrying medium;

N Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1, being partly in elevation;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 33 of Fig. 2, being partly in elevation;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-1 of Fig. 1, being partly in elevation;

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the socket taken from that side thereof from which the stud enters;

Fig. 6 is a section through a casing like those shown in the other figures, but providing a modified securing rivet;

Fig. 7 shows another modification of the securing means;

Figs. 8 through 14 illustrate various stages of, the'manufacture of a preferred socket casing;

Fig. 15 is an elevation similar to Fig. 5, but showing the completed casing of which the intermediate stages of manufacture are shown in Figs. 8 through 14;

Fig. '16 is a section on the line 16-16 of Fig. 15; and

Fig. 17 is a section through the fastener showing the attachment of the socket illustrated in Figs. 8 through 16 as it appears when attached to its carrying medium.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown a stud providing the usual head 7, neck 8 and base 9, secured to the stud-carrying fabriclO by the usual attaching rivet 11.

The socket 12 is made from a single piece of metal and encloses a spring 13 of the return bend type, the expression return bend being used to distinguish those types of spring wherein the stud-engaging jaws are enclosed within an encircling portion integral with but separated from the stud-engaging jaws, whether such return bend be simple asillustrated or repeated as in the more usual Kohinoor socket springs. The

1923. Serial No. 652,508.

simple return bend illustrated has advantages for the type of fastening under consideration, as it requires no lateral support adjacent its center, which support is usually provided by the dome of fasteners using the Kohinoor spring.

In making certain forms of the socket under consideration, the back plate lthas first pressed therefrom either a closed end tubular rivet 15 or an open end tubular rivet (Fig. 6). The closed end tubular rivet here in shown (Figs. 2, 4 and 16) is adapted to cooperate with an attaching cap 15; In that form of my invention shown in Fig; 7, the attaching rivet is provided by the attaching cap. The lateral flanges of the socket and the material which eventually forms the front face 16 thereof at an intermediate stage of manufacture is in cylindrical form generally perpendicular to the plane of the back plate 14. lVhile the socket is thus open, the spring is entered until it rests against the back plate portion of the socket, after which the front face 16 of the socket is died or spun inwardly until'the spring 18 to a very large extent overlain, only the central, curved portions of the spring presenting the jaws 17, 18 being exposed. The completed socket is preferably so proportioned that the inner peripheral edge of the casing surrounding the stud-receiving opening will, under lateral strain between stud and socket, engage the adjacent surface of the stud, thereby assisting the hold of the fastening, relieving the springs of overstrain and limiting the movement of the stud laterally of the casing so that the spring portion or portions of the jaws which are not under strain will always contact with the neck of the stud. The forming of the front face of the socket may be such (Figs. 2, 4, 6 and 7) as to provide substantial concavity of the outer surface thereof, thereby to assist in guiding the stud into the stud-receiving aperture and incidentally, as is desirable on fasteners for some classes of work, to provide more play for the spring adjacent the peripheral portions of the casing than nearer the center thereof, where the attaching portions of the socket present a recess providing additional clearance, and this without permitting any substantial movement of the spring as a whole in a direction axial'of the socket, since not only the rim portion of the spring but also the parts thereof lying at each side of the jaws 17, l8 are back sup ported by the back plate 14s.

The socket shown in Fig. 6 may have its open end tubular rivet pass through the carrying fabric into engagement with any usual or suitable type of eyelet or cap, such are common in the fastener art, while that shown in Fig. 7 has a securing projection presenting an aperture having an inner marginal wall adapted to be engaged by a rivet on the cooperating cap.

The term fabric as used throughout this application is intended to inchide flexible carrying mediums generally, such, for instance, as cloth whether woven, knit or felted, leather, rubber, paper and the like.

In Figs. and 16, I have shown'a socket of the general type illustrated in Figs. 1 through 7, but provided with casing pro-- viding, at the side from which the stud enters, an overhang son'iewhat greater than can ordinarily be provided commercially by pressing or spinning. This overhang may be provided by cutting away sections of the metal adjacent the edge of the blank as in 8, leaving projections which may be folded inwardly to generally cylindrical form as shown in Figs. 9 through 12, and the spring 18 being introduced may then be further folded inwardly through the stage shown in Fig 13 and 14, closed more or less like the petals in the bud of some choripetalous flower. The projections or petals 20 abut at the edges at the completion of the closing operation. In the preferred form of my invention, the slits between the projections do not extend to the outer edge of the casing, and they lie substantially in a common plane so that any strain placed on any of them by lateral strain between stud and socket is for all practical purposes as firmly withstood as though the edge were continuous as shown in Figs. 1 through 7 instead of discontinuous as shown in Figs. 15 and 16.

The socket casing shown in Figs. 8 through 16 is provided with the closed end tubular attaching rivet like that shown in Figs. 2 through 5, but the formation of the socket may be the same in so far as providing the projections 20 to facilitate closure thereof is concerned where the open end tubular rivet shown in Fig. 6 or the attaching aperture shown in Fig. 7 takes the place of the closed end tubular rivet.

While I have shown and described a preferred form of my invention, it will be understood that l have done so for purposes of clarification. and not of limitation, my invention being best described in the following claims.

I claim 1. A separable fastener comprising, in combination, a stud having a head. and a ewes? neck a cooperating socket comprising a casing containing a spring of the return bend type, said casing having a peripheral wall from which extend the front and back faces of the casing, said front face extending a substantial tilistance toward the center of the casing to overlie and support substantial portions of the return bends of said spring and to provide a stud-receiving aperture exposes only the neck-engaging portions of the return bends of the spring, the wall of said aperture extending into such proximity to the adjacent portion of the stud when engaged with the socket that the ring is relieved by said wall when the fastener parts are uncer substantial lateral strain. and means integral with said back' face for tssisting in securing the casing to a suitable carrying medium.

2.. it fastener socket presenting a onepiece containing a spring of the return bend type presenting jaw portions, said casing presentiiu front and back plate portions of substantial width supporting front and back portions of said spring, said front plate portion having a portion thereof formed of a plurality of infolding petallike projections, said petal-like projections providing for the provision of a stud-receiving aperture through said front plate of only slightly larger diameter than the head of a cooperating stud.

3. A fastener socket presentingaone-piece casing containinga spring of the return bend type presenting jaw portions, said casing presenting front and back plate portions of substantial width supporting front and back portions of said spring, said front plate having a stud-receiving aperture therethrough of only slightly larger diameter than the head of a cooperating stud, said aperture being surrounded by a wall provided by a plurality of laterally abutting,

infolding petal-like projections.

i. A fastener socket presenting a onepiece casing containing a spring of the return bend type presenting jaw portions for engagement with the neck of a stud, said casing presenting relatively flat front and back plate portions of substantial width supportingfront and back portions of the spring, said front and back plate portions extending inwardly from the edge of the casing in such a manner as to leave unsupported only those portions of the jaws which are adapted to engage the neck of the stud.

5. A fastener socket casing pressed from a single piece of metal and presenting an outer peripheral wall, a back plate portion extending inwardly from said wall, an attaching portion extending away from said back plate portion at the inner periphery thereof and a front plate portion spaced away from said back plate portion and ex tending inwardly a substantial distance from said Wall to form a stud-receiving aperture, said front plate portion having its inner portion, adjacent to the stud-receiving aperture, formed by a plurality of laterally abutting infolded portions which permit said aperture to be of substantially the same size as the head of a stud with which said socket may cooperate.

6. A. separable fastener comprising, in combination, a stud having a head and a neck, a cooperating socket comprising acasing containing a spring of the return bend type, said casing having a peripheral wall from which extend the front and back faces of the casing, said front face extending a substantial distance toward the center of the casing to overlie and support substantial portions of the return bends of said spring and to provide a stud-receiving aperture which exposes only the neck-engaging por tions of the return bends of the spring, the Wall of said aperture extending into such proximity to the adjacent portion of the stud when engaged with the socket that the spring is relieved by said wall when the fastener parts are under substantial lateral strain, and an attaching part pressed from said back face for assisting in securing said casing to a suitable carrying medium, said attaching part also providing a recess to receive the head of the stud.

7. A fastener socket presenting a onepiece casing containing a spring of the return bend type presenting jaw portions, said casing presenting front and back plate portions of substantial width supporting front and back jaw portions of said spring, said front plate having a portion thereof formed by a plurality of laterally abutting infolded petal-like projections, extending toward the center of the casing from a portion adjacent the outeredge of the socket.

In testlmony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ANDREWV G. ANDERSON. 

